Inversion (Rarely had I seen...)
Inversion adalah perubahan urutan kata dalam kalimat untuk memberikan penekanan atau efek formal. Dalam struktur ini, kata kerja atau auxiliary verb (bukan subjek) diletakkan di awal kalimat, biasanya setelah kata negatif atau ekspresif seperti rarely, never, hardly, no sooner, dan not only.
Structure:
| Type | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| negative adverb + inversion | Negative expression + auxiliary + subject + main verb | Never have I seen such a thing. |
| inversion with 'no sooner... than' | No sooner + had + subject + V3 + than + clause | No sooner had he entered the room than they clapped. |
| not only... but also | Not only + auxiliary + subject + verb, but also + clause | Not only did she win, but also she inspired others. |
Notes:
- Inversion biasanya digunakan dalam konteks formal atau penulisan sastra.
- Sering diawali oleh kata negatif atau ekspresif: rarely, never, hardly, seldom, no sooner, not only, little.
- Struktur ini membalik urutan subjek dan auxiliary verb, mirip dengan kalimat tanya.
- Jika tidak ada auxiliary verb, tambahkan 'do/does/did' sesuai tense.
- Untuk 'no sooner', bentuknya selalu menggunakan past perfect: No sooner had + subject + V3.
- ‘Little did I know’ digunakan untuk menyatakan kejutan atau ironi.
Examples:
- Rarely had I seen such a beautiful view.
- Never have I felt so proud.
- No sooner had she arrived than it started to rain.
- Not only did he win, but he also broke a record.
- Seldom do we hear such honesty.
- Hardly had I spoken when he interrupted.
- Only after the meeting was over did they speak.
- Little did she know what would happen next.