Mixed Conditionals
Mixed conditionals digunakan untuk menyatakan hubungan antara dua waktu berbeda: satu di masa lalu, satu di masa sekarang atau masa depan. Biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana situasi yang berbeda di masa lalu akan memengaruhi kondisi sekarang, atau sebaliknya.
Structure:
| Type | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| past → present | If + past perfect, would + base verb (now) | If I had worked harder, I would be rich now. |
| present → past | If + past simple, would have + V3 | If I were you, I would have told the truth. |
Notes:
- Mixed conditionals menggabungkan elemen dari second dan third conditionals.
- Jenis pertama (past → present): menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu yang tidak terjadi di masa lalu memengaruhi kondisi saat ini.
- Jenis kedua (present → past): menunjukkan bahwa kondisi saat ini akan berdampak pada kejadian di masa lalu (biasanya bersifat hipotesis/imajinatif).
- Struktur ini digunakan untuk mengungkapkan penyesalan, sindiran, atau skenario imajinatif.
- Tidak boleh menggunakan 'will' dalam klausa 'if'. Gunakan bentuk past simple atau past perfect sesuai jenis campuran.
- Comma digunakan jika 'if clause' berada di awal: If she had helped, I would be fine now.
Examples:
- If I had studied harder, I would have a better job now.
- If she hadn’t missed the train, she would be here now.
- If I were taller, I would have joined the basketball team.
- He wouldn’t be tired if he had slept more last night.
- If we hadn’t spent all the money, we could go on vacation now.
- If I knew her number, I would have called her yesterday.