Mastery of All Tenses and Forms (past perfect continuous, future perfect, etc.)
Pada level C2, pembelajar diharapkan telah menguasai seluruh bentuk tense dan struktur gramatikal dalam bahasa Inggris, termasuk kombinasi yang kompleks. Ini mencakup pemahaman dan penggunaan tepat dari semua tense (simple, continuous, perfect, perfect continuous), struktur pasif dan aktif, reported speech, conditionals, dan modals across all tenses.
Structure:
| Type | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Perfect and perfect continuous | have/has/had + been + V-ing | They had been living abroad for a decade. |
| Future tenses | will + be/have + V-ing/V3 | By 2026, she will have graduated. |
| Passive forms | be + V3 (in various tenses) | The book is being translated into several languages. |
| Conditionals & Modals | would/could/might + have + V3 | He could have helped if he had known. |
Notes:
- Level C2 menuntut fleksibilitas tinggi dalam penggunaan semua tense sesuai konteks waktu dan nuansa makna.
- Penguasaan tenses membantu menyampaikan argumen, opini, dan narasi kompleks secara tepat.
- Bentuk-bentuk pasif dan perfect digunakan untuk menekankan objek atau hasil, bukan pelaku.
- Modals di semua tense memungkinkan ekspresi kemungkinan, kewajiban, atau penyesalan secara halus.
- Reported speech di C2 mencakup pergeseran waktu dan struktur kompleks (e.g., modals, conditionals).
- Diperlukan latihan intensif dan eksposur untuk menguasai bentuk kompleks ini secara alami.
Examples:
- She had been working for hours before they arrived. (past perfect continuous)
- By next month, I will have completed my thesis. (future perfect)
- He has been studying since morning. (present perfect continuous)
- They are being watched by security. (passive present continuous)
- I would have gone if I had known. (third conditional)
- It was reported that the event had been cancelled. (reported speech passive)
- She might have been waiting there for hours. (modal + perfect continuous)
- We will be working all day tomorrow. (future continuous)