Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan aksi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung hingga sekarang atau baru saja selesai namun efeknya masih terasa.
Struktur kalimat ini menggunakan has/have + been + Verb-ing. Contoh: She has been reading for two hours berarti “Dia telah membaca selama dua jam (dan mungkin masih membaca).”
Bentuk negatif menambahkan not setelah has/have: They have not been working today. Untuk kalimat tanya: Have you been waiting long?
Berikut adalah panduan penggunaan has/have sesuai subjek:
| Subjek | Bentuk Bantu | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | have | We have been working |
| He / She / It | has | She has been sleeping |
Structure:
| Type | Pattern |
|---|---|
| Positive | Subject + has/have + been + Verb-ing |
| Negative | Subject + has/have not + been + Verb-ing |
| Question | Has/Have + Subject + been + Verb-ing? |
Examples:
- I have been studying English for three years.
Saya telah belajar bahasa Inggris selama tiga tahun.
- She has been working here since 2019.
Dia telah bekerja di sini sejak tahun 2019.
- Have you been waiting long?
Apakah kamu sudah lama menunggu?
- They have not been sleeping well lately.
Mereka akhir-akhir ini tidak tidur dengan nyenyak.
- He has been playing football all afternoon.
Dia telah bermain sepak bola sepanjang sore.
Notes:
Present Perfect Continuous digunakan untuk:
- Aksi yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlangsung: I have been reading since 8 a.m.
- Aksi yang baru saja selesai, tetapi hasilnya masih terasa: He has been running, so he is tired now.
Keterangan waktu umum: for, since, all day, lately, recently.